Sinai’s Enchanting Oasis Between Mountain and Sea
📍 Location & Area
Situated in Wadi Al-Rasasa, South Sinai Governorate, the Abu Galoum Protected Area directly overlooks the Gulf of Aqaba, positioned between the cities of Sharm El-Sheikh and Taba. Designated as a natural reserve in 1992, it spans approximately 500 square kilometers, comprising:
350 km² terrestrial area
150 km² marine zone
🌿 Unique Biodiversity
The reserve boasts exceptional biological diversity, including:
165 plant species, 44 of which are endemic
Vibrant coral reefs and diverse marine life
Seagrass beds and coastal lagoons
Distinct desert and mountain ecosystems
🏞️ Topography & Landscapes
Abu Galoum features dramatic topography where mountains meet the sea, creating breathtaking scenery.
Notable geological formations include:
Underwater caves like the famous “Blue Hole”
Vertical drop-offs exceeding 100 meters depth
Dramatic coastal cliffs and wadis
🧭 Tourism Activities
A premier destination for:
Diving & Snorkeling: Explore pristine coral reefs and rich marine biodiversity
Eco-Tours: Birdwatching and wildlife observation in natural habitats
Sustainable Tourism: Leveraging unique landscapes and ecological diversity
🌍 Environmental Significance
Recognized as a multi-purpose protected area due to its:
Ecological importance as a biodiversity hotspot
Historical value
Global reputation as a world-class diving destination
Unique coral reef formations
⚠️ Conservation Challenges
Despite protection efforts, the reserve faces:
Marine Pollution: From unregulated tourism activities
Overfishing: Threatening ecological balance
Climate Change Impacts: Affecting coral reefs and marine ecosystems
Conservation Measures
Current protection strategies include:
Sustainable tourism guidelines
Marine patrols against illegal fishing
Coral reef monitoring programs
Visitor education initiatives
Key Features:
One of Egypt’s most biodiverse coastal-mountain interfaces
Contains 27% of Sinai’s endemic plant species
Supports endangered species like:
Hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata)
Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus)
Visitor Guidelines:
✓ Use reef-safe sunscreen
✓ Maintain distance from wildlife
✓ Avoid touching corals
✓ Remove all waste
