Location
Wadi El Rayan Protected Area is situated in the Western Desert, southwest of Fayoum Governorate.
It lies approximately 40 km from Fayoum City and 150 km from Cairo, making it an ideal destination for day trips from the capital.
Geographical Coordinates
The reserve spans between longitude 29° to 29°24′ E and latitude 30° to 30°34′ N. It is separated from the Fayoum Depression by a 15 km-wide limestone plateau.
Natural Features
The protected area comprises:
Upper and Lower Lakes: Two artificial lakes created in the 1980s to store agricultural drainage water.
Upper Lake: ~50.90 km²
Lower Lake: ~62.00 km²
Wadi El Rayan Waterfalls: Egypt’s only waterfalls, located between the two lakes and a key attraction.
Rayyan Springs: Three sulfur springs on the southern shore of the Lower Lake, surrounded by shifting sand dunes.
El Modawara Mountain & El Rayan Mountain: Notable for their unique rock formations and scenic landscapes.
Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley): A UNESCO World Heritage Site (2005) containing 40-million-year-old whale fossils.
Wildlife
The reserve hosts diverse species, including:
Endangered mammals: White gazelle, Egyptian gazelle, sand fox, and fennec fox.
Migratory birds: A critical stopover for numerous bird species.
Tourism Activities
Visitors can enjoy:
Swimming & boating in the lakes
Desert camping and hiking
Birdwatching and wildlife photography
Exploring Wadi Al-Hitan’s fossil exhibits
Key Facts
Area: 1,759 km²
Established: 1989
Accessibility: A 2-hour drive from Cairo via Fayoum Road.
