A natural reserve declared in 2007, known as one of the rarest areas both locally and globally. It is located south of Luxor, near the city of Esna. Its area is approximately 1 square kilometer, owing to its complete geological succession between the Paleocene and Eocene epochs.

These epochs span from about 50 to 55 million years ago. Although these two epochs are present in many locations around the world, the succession between them is usually disconnected.

In Dabbabiya, however, the succession is complete, and the history of life there is continuous and uninterrupted, unlike in many other regions of the world. The area tells a complete story and holds significant scientific value for all those interested in science, especially geologists.

Its importance lies in providing scientists with the opportunity to uncover the secrets of life on Earth over the past 55 million years. This was a period that witnessed the extinction of most free-ranging life forms due to the Earth’s temperature reaching its highest levels. The history of Dabbabiya remains a subject that scientists continue to study and discuss.